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	\title{[1.13] In the Street. Calais.}
\author{

						 Laurence
						Sterne

				}
\date{}
\maketitle



\TeiFwII{[68]}

\chapter*{\TeiHeadVI{IN THE STREET. CALAIS. }}\markboth{\TeiHeadVI{IN THE STREET.   
CALAIS. 
}}{\TeiHeadVI{IN THE STREET.   
CALAIS. 
}}

\TeiHiII{H} AVING, on the first sight of the   
lady \footnote{  
		    \TeiPersNameII{Madame L}:  
A 26 year old lady from Brussels, not critically handsome, with a widowed look. When Yorick is left in her company, holding her hand, he is deeply romantically interested in her but does not know how to ask her more about herself. 
} , settled the affair in my  
fancy “that she was of the better   
"order of beings”—and then laid it   
down as a second  axiom \footnote{ Axiom:  A proposition that commends itself to general acceptance; a well-established or universally-conceded principle; a maxim, rule, law. } , as indisput-   
able as the first, That she was a wi-   
dow, and wore a character of dis-   
tress—I went no further; I got ground  
enough for the situation which pleased  
me—and had she remained close be-  
side my elbow till midnight, I should  
have held true to my system, and  
considered her only under that gene-  
ral idea.

\TeiFwV{She}

\TeiFwII{[69]}

She had scarce got twenty paces  
distant from me,  ere \footnote{ ere:  before in time  }  something within  
me called out for a more particular  
inquiry—it brought on the idea of a  
further separation—I might possibly  
	    never see her more—The heart is for  
	    saving what it can; and I wanted the  
	    traces thro’ which my wishes might  
	    find their way to her, in case I should  
	    never rejoin her myself: in a word,  
	    I wished to know her name—her fa-  
	    mily’s—her condition; and as I knew  
	    the place to which she was going, I  
	    wanted to know from whence she  
	    came: but there was no coming at  
	    all this intelligence: a hundred little  
	    delicacies stood in the way. I form’d   
	    a score different plans—There was   
\TeiFwVII{ F3 no [70]} 

	     \TeiFwV{ no} 

\TeiFwII{[70]} 

no such thing as a man’s asking her  
directly—the thing was impossible.

A little French  
\TeiHiIII{
débonnaire
}
captain\footnote{ 
\TeiPersNameII{French débonnaire Captain}:  
A dancing French captain who approaches the lady Yorick is in company with on the street, he asks her questions and reveals he fought in the last war at the Bombardment of Brussels. 
}
\footnote{ Débonnaire:  (translation from French) good-natured } ,  
who came dancing down the street,  
showed me it was the easiest thing  
in the world; for, popping in  betwixt \footnote{ Betwixt:  between } 

us, just as the lady was returning back  
to the door of the  Remise \footnote{ Remise:  An outbuilding which was originally built to house horse drawn carriages and the related tack } , he intro-  
duced himself to my acquaintance,  
and before he had well got announ-  
ced, begg’d I would do him the ho-  
nour to present him to the lady—I  
had not been presented myself—so  
turning about to her, he did it just  
as well, by asking her if she had come  
from  Paris \footnote{  
\TeiPlaceName{Paris}:  

The capital city of France.  
} ?—No: she was going  
that rout, she said.— 
\TeiHiIII{
Vous n’êtes pas 
de Londres\footnote{ 
\TeiPlaceName{Londres}:  

(translation from French) London, capital city of England.  
}?
}
\footnote{ Vous n'etes pas de Londres?:  (Translation from French) "You are not from London?" } —She was not, she replied.  
\TeiFwV{-Then} 

\TeiFwII{ [71]} 

—Then Madame must have come  
thro’ Flanders.— 
\TeiHiIII{
Apparemment vous 
êtes Flammande?
}
\footnote{ Apparemment vous etes Flammande?:  (Translation from French) “Apparently you are Flemish then?” } said the French cap-  
tain.—The lady answered, she was.—  

\TeiHiIII{
Peutêtre, de Lisle\footnote{ 
\TeiPlaceName{Lisle}:  

A commune in France. 
}?
}
\footnote{ Peut etre de Lisle?:  (Translation from French) “From Lisle perhaps?” }  added he—She  
said, she was not of Lisle.—Nor  Ar- 
ras \footnote{  
\TeiPlaceName{Arras}:  

A town in France, near Belgium. 
} ?—nor  Cambray \footnote{  
\TeiPlaceName{Cambray}:  

City in Nord department, now called Cambrai. 
} ?—nor  Ghent \footnote{  
\TeiPlaceName{Ghent}: 

Port city in north-west Belgium. 
} ?—  
nor  Brussels \footnote{  
\TeiPlaceName{Brussels}:  

The historical centre of the Brussels-Capital Region, capital of the Flemish region and Belgium. 
} ?—She answered, she was  
of Brussels. 

He had had the honour, he said,  
to be at the  bombardment \footnote{ Bombardment of it last war:  Brussels was besieged by the French in the War of the Austrian Succession(1740-48) and was won from the (English, Dutch and Austrian) Imperialist allies in 1746. }  of it last  
war—that it was finely situated,  
\TeiHiIII{
pour 
cela
}
\footnote{ Pour cela:  (Translation from French) For that purpose  } —and full of  noblesse \footnote{ Noblesse:  the nobility of a foreign country. }  when the  
Imperialists \footnote{ Imperialists:  a person who supports the policy of extending a country’s power and influence through colonization, use of military force. }  were driven out by the  
French (the lady made a slight courtesy)  
—so giving her an account of the af-  
fair, and of the share he had had in  
\TeiFwVII{F4 it-  [72] } 

\TeiFwV{ it-} 

\TeiFwII{ [72] } 

it,— he begg’d the honour to know  
her name—so made his bow. 

— 
\TeiHiIII{
Et Madame a son Mari?
}
\footnote{ Et Madame a son Mari?:  (Translation from French) “Is Madame married?” or “And Madame is with her husband?” } —said  
he, looking back when he had made  
two steps—and, without staying for an  
answer—danced down the street. 

Had I served seven years appren-  
ticeship to good breeding, I could   
not have done as much. 

				\begin{itemize}
Axiom:  A proposition that commends itself to general acceptance; a well-established or universally-conceded principle; a maxim, rule, law.ere:  before in time Débonnaire:  (translation from French) good-naturedBetwixt:  betweenRemise:  An outbuilding which was originally built to house horse drawn carriages and the related tackVous n'etes pas de Londres?:  (Translation from French) "You are not from London?"Apparemment vous etes Flammande?:  (Translation from French) “Apparently you are Flemish then?”Peut etre de Lisle?:  (Translation from French) “From Lisle perhaps?”Bombardment of it last war:  Brussels was besieged by the French in the War of the Austrian Succession(1740-48) and was won from the (English, Dutch and Austrian) Imperialist allies in 1746.Pour cela:  (Translation from French) For that purpose Noblesse:  the nobility of a foreign country.Imperialists:  a person who supports the policy of extending a country’s power and influence through colonization, use of military force.Et Madame a son Mari?:  (Translation from French) “Is Madame married?” or “And Madame is with her husband?”\end{itemize}

\TeiPlaceName{Paris}:  

The capital city of France.  

\TeiPlaceName{Londres}:  

(translation from French) London, capital city of England.  

\TeiPlaceName{Lisle}:  

A commune in France. 

\TeiPlaceName{Arras}:  

A town in France, near Belgium. 

\TeiPlaceName{Cambray}:  

City in Nord department, now called Cambrai. 

\TeiPlaceName{Ghent}: 

Port city in north-west Belgium. 

\TeiPlaceName{Brussels}:  

The historical centre of the Brussels-Capital Region, capital of the Flemish region and Belgium. 

\TeiPersNameII{French débonnaire Captain}:  
A dancing French captain who approaches the lady Yorick is in company with on the street, he asks her questions and reveals he fought in the last war at the Bombardment of Brussels. 

		    \TeiPersNameII{Madame L}:  
A 26 year old lady from Brussels, not critically handsome, with a widowed look. When Yorick is left in her company, holding her hand, he is deeply romantically interested in her but does not know how to ask her more about herself. 

			Commentary
				 \TeiPI{In this chapter, early in Laurence Sterne’s 1768 ‘A Sentimental Journey’, Yorick is still in Calais and at a carriage-yard searching for means to travel to Paris and further on his Grand Tour through France and Italy.} 
				 \TeiPI{The novel features an unconventional narrative structure of small episodic breaks, such as ‘In the Street. Calais’, which inform the geographical location of each section. While the title of the novel centres the plot in a state of travel and movement, these episodes digress into vignettes that document the fleeting human connections he forms along the way and favour these descriptions over actual travelogues of cultural exploration and sceneries. These develop Yorick as a character through the introspection he narrates in each of those situations. The Lady, whom Yorick later mysteriously titles Madame de L, is in company with Yorick in the five sections prior to this chapter, and her presence continues in the sections after too. } 
				 \TeiPI{To contextualise the placement of this section: prior to ‘In the Street. Calais’, Yorick had met and taken a fancy to a beautiful lady at the door to the carriage-yard. He had offended her after being too forward in his flirtations and she had removed her hand from his, an action he desperately wonders how to undo. } 
				 \TeiPI{Multiple men intrude on his brief encounter with Madame de L: a monk and ‘a little French debonaire Captain’ - only the latter of which is present in this chapter. This early in the novel, Yorick has not begun his travels, and thus arguably not begun his introspective journey of sentimentalism nor his physical Grand Tour. His rather intense preoccupation with Madame de L makes him believe that a monk, whom he had previously offended, had spoken with her to soil her opinion of Yorick, ending their courting. Yorick performs a display of gracious generosity, publicly apologising and offering the monk his expensive snuffbox as a display of humble friendship. It could be argued that this display was not one of sentimentalism, but more of his preoccupation with his image as an upstanding gentleman and his desperation for Madame de L. This is later contrasted to Yorick’s reaction to Madame de L and the Captain’s interaction. } 
				 \TeiPI{Within this section, Yorick is experiencing inner turmoil, battling between letting this woman go and the deep regrets and panic he feels at never seeing her again and not knowing her name or where she is from. He believes it would demonstrate ungentlemanly, indelicate manners for him to ask such imposing questions, rendering their further communication ‘impossible’ to him. Irony is deployed when a drunk French captain dances down the road towards Madame de L and asks the exact questions which Yorick had deemed ‘impossible’. There is a brief interaction between the two men, when the Captain asks Yorick to introduce him to her- this highlights the lack of information Yorick has about the lady, he was never introduced himself. This frames their relationship that night as a surface level interaction, despite Yorick’s obsession with her, undermining their connection. } 
				 \TeiPI{The Captain begins to ask very assertive, presumptuously framed questions to which Madame de L responds with only yes or no responses. These questions are all written in French, and while helpful footnotes translate these in the Penguin Classics edition, it does create a barrier between readers and the characters. Yorick clearly understands the language, and so it is not cultural differences which hinder or complicate his experience in this instance, but instead his ineptitude in social exchanges with the characters he meets in these different settings. } 
				 \TeiPI{It feels as though Yorick has faded into the background of the latter half of this section- his silence and observation are a testament to the learning and listening he does on his journey. Commentary on war and the interconnectedness of European countries, such as France and Belgium, are broached by the captain’s role in the section and previous war. However, I argue that it is this Captain’s ego and lack of gentlemanly manners that makes him a relevant character to this section and to Yorick’s development. Despite losing Yorick’s personality from the narrative briefly in this section, he ends on one final biting judgement of what he had witnessed. Holding himself in a higher stead than a war veteran, he declares that manners and gentlemanly decency are innate and not learnt, as demonstrated by this Captain: someone who is offered respect simply due to his station and not his decorum or sentimentality, which Yorick prides himself on. } 


\end{document}